Thomas Stearns Eliot was born in Missouri on September 26,
1888. He lived in St. Louis during the first eighteen years of his life and
attended Harvard University. In 1910, he left the United States for the Sorbonne,
having earned both undergraduate and masters degrees and having contributed
several poems to the Harvard Advocate.
After a year in Paris, he returned to Harvard to pursue a
doctorate in philosophy, but returned to Europe and settled in England in 1914.
The following year, he married Vivienne Haigh-Wood and began working in London,
first as a teacher, and later for Lloyd's Bank.
It was in London that Eliot came under the influence of his
contemporary Ezra Pound, who recognized his poetic genius at once, and
assisted in the publication of his work in a number of magazines, most notably
"The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock" in Poetry in 1915.
His first book of poems, Prufrock and Other Observations, was
published in 1917, and immediately established him as a leading poet of the
avant-garde. With the publication of The Waste Land in 1922,
now considered by many to be the single most influential poetic work of the
twentieth century, Eliot's reputation began to grow to nearly mythic
proportions; by 1930, and for the next thirty years, he was the most dominant
figure in poetry and literary criticism in the English-speaking world.
As a poet, he transmuted his affinity for the English
metaphysical poets of the 17th century (most notably John Donne) and the
19th century French symbolist poets (including Baudelaire and
Laforgue) into radical innovations in poetic technique and subject matter. His
poems in many respects articulated the disillusionment of a younger
post-World-War-I generation with the values and conventions—both literary and
social—of the Victorian era. As a critic also, he had an enormous impact on
contemporary literary taste, propounding views that, after his conversion to
orthodox Christianity in the late thirties, were increasingly based in social
and religious conservatism. His major later poems include Ash Wednesday (1930)
and Four Quartets (1943); his books of literary and social
criticism include The Sacred Wood (1920), The Use of
Poetry and the Use of Criticism (1933), After Strange Gods (1934),
and Notes Towards the Definition of Culture (1940). Eliot was
also an important playwright, whose verse dramas include Murder in the
Cathedral, The Family Reunion, and The Cocktail Party.
He became a British citizen in 1927; long associated with
the publishing house of Faber & Faber, he published many younger poets, and
eventually became director of the firm. After a notoriously unhappy first
marriage, Eliot separated from his first wife in 1933, and was remarried, to
Valerie Fletcher, in 1956. T. S. Eliot received the Nobel Prize for Literature
in 1948, and died in London in 1965.
You should cite your sources next time. http://www.poets.org/poetsorg/poet/t-s-eliot
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